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Currently at Universidad Pública de Navarra,
PUBLICATIONS
2017
Bimbela, Fernando; Ábrego, Javier; Puerta, R; García, Lucía; Arauzo, Jesús
Catalytic steam reforming of the aqueous fraction of bio-oil using Ni-Ce/Mg-Al catalysts Journal Article
In: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol. 209, pp. 346–357, 2017, ISSN: 09263373.
@article{Bimbela2017,
title = {Catalytic steam reforming of the aqueous fraction of bio-oil using Ni-Ce/Mg-Al catalysts},
author = {Fernando Bimbela and Javier Ábrego and R Puerta and Lucía García and Jesús Arauzo},
doi = {10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.03.009},
issn = {09263373},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-07-01},
journal = {Applied Catalysis B: Environmental},
volume = {209},
pages = {346--357},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {The performance of different Ni/Mg-Al catalysts modified with Ce was evaluated in the catalytic steam reforming of aqueous fractions of bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis. The effects of several preparation methods for incorporating Ce as a modifier (co-precipitation, impregnation and direct thermal decomposition of the salt precursors), the Ce content (0–5 wt.%) and the feed streams (three different aqueous fractions from bio-oil) on the catalyst performance were examined, and it was found that the stability and activity of the catalysts were significantly influenced by all these factors. In general, the addition of Ce to a reference Ni/Mg-Al catalyst improved the overall carbon conversion to gas and the yield to H2 as well as enhancing the catalyst stability in the steam reforming of aqueous fractions of bio-oils. The best preparation method was impregnation and the optimal Ce content was found to be 0.5 wt.%. Much higher initial carbon conversion to gas and initial H2 yields was obtained using bio-oils derived from pine than those derived from poplar. A very low coke formation, 103 mg C/(g of catalyst textperiodcentered g of organics in the aqueous fraction reacted), was achieved using the optimized catalyst, 0.5 wt.% Ce prepared by impregnation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The performance of different Ni/Mg-Al catalysts modified with Ce was evaluated in the catalytic steam reforming of aqueous fractions of bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis. The effects of several preparation methods for incorporating Ce as a modifier (co-precipitation, impregnation and direct thermal decomposition of the salt precursors), the Ce content (0–5 wt.%) and the feed streams (three different aqueous fractions from bio-oil) on the catalyst performance were examined, and it was found that the stability and activity of the catalysts were significantly influenced by all these factors. In general, the addition of Ce to a reference Ni/Mg-Al catalyst improved the overall carbon conversion to gas and the yield to H2 as well as enhancing the catalyst stability in the steam reforming of aqueous fractions of bio-oils. The best preparation method was impregnation and the optimal Ce content was found to be 0.5 wt.%. Much higher initial carbon conversion to gas and initial H2 yields was obtained using bio-oils derived from pine than those derived from poplar. A very low coke formation, 103 mg C/(g of catalyst textperiodcentered g of organics in the aqueous fraction reacted), was achieved using the optimized catalyst, 0.5 wt.% Ce prepared by impregnation.
Gonzalo, Alberto; Bimbela, Fernando; Sánchez, José Luis; Labidi, Jalel; Marín, Fernando; Arauzo, Jesús
Evaluation of different agricultural residues as raw materials for pulp and paper production using a semichemical process Journal Article
In: Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 156, pp. 184–193, 2017, ISSN: 09596526.
@article{Gonzalo2017,
title = {Evaluation of different agricultural residues as raw materials for pulp and paper production using a semichemical process},
author = {Alberto Gonzalo and Fernando Bimbela and José Luis Sánchez and Jalel Labidi and Fernando Marín and Jesús Arauzo},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.036},
issn = {09596526},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-07-01},
journal = {Journal of Cleaner Production},
volume = {156},
pages = {184--193},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {This work assesses six different agricultural residues with the aim of finding alternative raw materials for a soda semichemical pulping process: stems of bell and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum), broad bean (Vicia faba), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), pea (Pisum sativum), and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Pulping yields higher than 60% (m/m) were obtained, except for pea stems (43%). The drainability of all the pulps, expressed as the Schopper-Riegler index (textordmasculineSR), had values of over 70 textordmasculineSR. The Kajaani analyses of the fibers showed acceptable fiber lengths in all cases (0.64–0.92 mm), but on average shorter than the lengths of pulps from a commercial fluting paper (Old corrugated Container, OCC), that was found to be 1.27 mm. Handsheets of paper were produced both with the pulps under study and with mixtures of these pulps with OCC pulp. Several properties were measured to assess the use of the new fibers in a paper for cardboard production. The property showing the greatest differences was the Gurley porosity, ranging from 25 mL/min (asparagus) to 1300 mL/min (broad bean). Of the six residues tested, the okra residue fiber showed better properties than the commercial paper fiber (Concora Medium Test indexes: 1.5 N m2/g and 1.1 N m2/g respectively, Burst Indexes: 2.3 kPa m2/g and 1.7 kPa m2/g, respectively), yielding similar mechanical properties to those of high quality fibers obtained from miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus). Broad bean residue could also be a promising raw material, though its properties are not as good as okra's.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This work assesses six different agricultural residues with the aim of finding alternative raw materials for a soda semichemical pulping process: stems of bell and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum), broad bean (Vicia faba), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), pea (Pisum sativum), and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). Pulping yields higher than 60% (m/m) were obtained, except for pea stems (43%). The drainability of all the pulps, expressed as the Schopper-Riegler index (textordmasculineSR), had values of over 70 textordmasculineSR. The Kajaani analyses of the fibers showed acceptable fiber lengths in all cases (0.64–0.92 mm), but on average shorter than the lengths of pulps from a commercial fluting paper (Old corrugated Container, OCC), that was found to be 1.27 mm. Handsheets of paper were produced both with the pulps under study and with mixtures of these pulps with OCC pulp. Several properties were measured to assess the use of the new fibers in a paper for cardboard production. The property showing the greatest differences was the Gurley porosity, ranging from 25 mL/min (asparagus) to 1300 mL/min (broad bean). Of the six residues tested, the okra residue fiber showed better properties than the commercial paper fiber (Concora Medium Test indexes: 1.5 N m2/g and 1.1 N m2/g respectively, Burst Indexes: 2.3 kPa m2/g and 1.7 kPa m2/g, respectively), yielding similar mechanical properties to those of high quality fibers obtained from miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus). Broad bean residue could also be a promising raw material, though its properties are not as good as okra’s.
2016
Botella, Lucía; Sierra, Marina; Bimbela, Fernando; Gea, Gloria; Sánchez, José Luis; Gonzalo, Alberto
Enhancement of Biodiesel Oxidation Stability Using Additives Obtained from Sewage Sludge Fast-Pyrolysis Liquids Journal Article
In: Energy and Fuels, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 302–310, 2016, ISSN: 15205029.
@article{Botella2016,
title = {Enhancement of Biodiesel Oxidation Stability Using Additives Obtained from Sewage Sludge Fast-Pyrolysis Liquids},
author = {Lucía Botella and Marina Sierra and Fernando Bimbela and Gloria Gea and José Luis Sánchez and Alberto Gonzalo},
url = {https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines},
doi = {10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01681},
issn = {15205029},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Energy and Fuels},
volume = {30},
number = {1},
pages = {302--310},
publisher = {American Chemical Society},
abstract = {In the present work, bio-oil derived from the catalytic pyrolysis of sewage sludge has been blended in small amounts with sunflower biodiesel with the aim of evaluating its potential as a novel, low-cost, and renewable biodiesel additive that could replace costly commercial biodiesel antioxidants normally used to date. The effect of blending small amounts of bio-oil with sunflower biodiesel on the biodiesel properties (oxidation stability, cold flow properties, flash point, and viscosity) has been analyzed. Furthermore, apart from studying the effect of adding low bio-oil concentrations (0.1, 1.8, and 3.5 mass %), the effect of other operating conditions, specifically the temperature (278-333 K) and mixing time (5-60 min), during the bio-oil and biodiesel blend preparations has also been analyzed. With regard the oxidation stability, blends prepared adding 3.5% mass fraction of bio-oil complied with the limits imposed by the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. Blending sewage sludge bio-oil and sunflower biodiesel did not result in an enhancement of the biodiesel cold flow properties in the studied range, while the flash point of these blends was lower than that of pure sunflower biodiesel. The viscosity was barely affected in all cases. The oxidation stability enhancement achieved by the addition of bio-oil obtained from sewage sludge catalytic pyrolysis was higher than the enhancement obtained with bio-oil from non-catalytic pyrolysis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the present work, bio-oil derived from the catalytic pyrolysis of sewage sludge has been blended in small amounts with sunflower biodiesel with the aim of evaluating its potential as a novel, low-cost, and renewable biodiesel additive that could replace costly commercial biodiesel antioxidants normally used to date. The effect of blending small amounts of bio-oil with sunflower biodiesel on the biodiesel properties (oxidation stability, cold flow properties, flash point, and viscosity) has been analyzed. Furthermore, apart from studying the effect of adding low bio-oil concentrations (0.1, 1.8, and 3.5 mass %), the effect of other operating conditions, specifically the temperature (278-333 K) and mixing time (5-60 min), during the bio-oil and biodiesel blend preparations has also been analyzed. With regard the oxidation stability, blends prepared adding 3.5% mass fraction of bio-oil complied with the limits imposed by the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. Blending sewage sludge bio-oil and sunflower biodiesel did not result in an enhancement of the biodiesel cold flow properties in the studied range, while the flash point of these blends was lower than that of pure sunflower biodiesel. The viscosity was barely affected in all cases. The oxidation stability enhancement achieved by the addition of bio-oil obtained from sewage sludge catalytic pyrolysis was higher than the enhancement obtained with bio-oil from non-catalytic pyrolysis.
2015
Gómez-Monedero, Beatriz; Bimbela, Fernando; Arauzo, Jesús; Faria, Jimmy; Ruiz, Pilar M
Pyrolysis of red eucalyptus, camelina straw, and wheat straw in an ablative reactor Journal Article
In: Energy and Fuels, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 1766–1775, 2015, ISSN: 15205029.
@article{Gomez-Monedero2015,
title = {Pyrolysis of red eucalyptus, camelina straw, and wheat straw in an ablative reactor},
author = {Beatriz Gómez-Monedero and Fernando Bimbela and Jesús Arauzo and Jimmy Faria and Pilar M Ruiz},
url = {https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines},
doi = {10.1021/ef5026054},
issn = {15205029},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-03-01},
journal = {Energy and Fuels},
volume = {29},
number = {3},
pages = {1766--1775},
publisher = {American Chemical Society},
abstract = {The purpose of this study is to produce and characterize biomass pyrolysis liquids obtained in an ablative bed reactor at laboratory scale. The feedstocks selected include eucalyptus (Eucalyptus tereticornis) chips, camelina (Camelina sativa) straw pellets, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw pellets. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out at 550 °C and atmospheric pressure with a nitrogen flow rate of 2.24 N L/min and an average solids feeding rate of 2.5 g/min, yielding 42.4, 48.8, and 41.0 wt % liquids for eucalyptus, camelina straw pellets, and wheat straw pellets, respectively. Such liquids, also known as bio-oils, were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and complemented with water content, pH measurements, higher heating values, viscosity, and proximate, and ultimate analyses. The distribution of products and their properties were influenced by both the raw materials characteristics (chemical composition and structure) and the operating conditions used in the experimental setup. With regard to raw material characteristics, features such as fixed carbon content in raw biomass seemed to impact the amount of solid products obtained as in the case of eucalyptus chips, which was the sample with higher fixed carbon content and the one that yielded a greater amount of solids. On the other hand, the experimental setup conditioned the results in the sense of how devolatilization of the materials took place, which in turn influenced the yield to liquid products obtained from the process. Wheat straw yielded a bio-oil with a significant number of unknown molecules in the organic phase (∼32.8 wt %), most likely produced from the protein fraction of this biomass. On the other hand, eucalyptus resulted in a larger fraction of carbonaceous residues (∼37.1 wt %), while wheat and camelina straw produced around 28.1 and 25.5 wt %, respectively. Finally, camelina presented interesting characteristics as feedstock for pyrolysis due to its low nitrogen content (0.4-0.5 wt %) and lower char yields (∼25.5 wt %).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The purpose of this study is to produce and characterize biomass pyrolysis liquids obtained in an ablative bed reactor at laboratory scale. The feedstocks selected include eucalyptus (Eucalyptus tereticornis) chips, camelina (Camelina sativa) straw pellets, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw pellets. Pyrolysis experiments were carried out at 550 °C and atmospheric pressure with a nitrogen flow rate of 2.24 N L/min and an average solids feeding rate of 2.5 g/min, yielding 42.4, 48.8, and 41.0 wt % liquids for eucalyptus, camelina straw pellets, and wheat straw pellets, respectively. Such liquids, also known as bio-oils, were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and complemented with water content, pH measurements, higher heating values, viscosity, and proximate, and ultimate analyses. The distribution of products and their properties were influenced by both the raw materials characteristics (chemical composition and structure) and the operating conditions used in the experimental setup. With regard to raw material characteristics, features such as fixed carbon content in raw biomass seemed to impact the amount of solid products obtained as in the case of eucalyptus chips, which was the sample with higher fixed carbon content and the one that yielded a greater amount of solids. On the other hand, the experimental setup conditioned the results in the sense of how devolatilization of the materials took place, which in turn influenced the yield to liquid products obtained from the process. Wheat straw yielded a bio-oil with a significant number of unknown molecules in the organic phase (∼32.8 wt %), most likely produced from the protein fraction of this biomass. On the other hand, eucalyptus resulted in a larger fraction of carbonaceous residues (∼37.1 wt %), while wheat and camelina straw produced around 28.1 and 25.5 wt %, respectively. Finally, camelina presented interesting characteristics as feedstock for pyrolysis due to its low nitrogen content (0.4-0.5 wt %) and lower char yields (∼25.5 wt %).
Sarker, Shiplu; Bimbela, Fernando; Sánchez, José Luis; Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed
Characterization and pilot scale fluidized bed gasification of herbaceous biomass: A case study on alfalfa pellets Journal Article
In: Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 91, pp. 451–458, 2015, ISSN: 01968904.
@article{Sarker2015b,
title = {Characterization and pilot scale fluidized bed gasification of herbaceous biomass: A case study on alfalfa pellets},
author = {Shiplu Sarker and Fernando Bimbela and José Luis Sánchez and Henrik Kofoed Nielsen},
doi = {10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.034},
issn = {01968904},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-02-01},
journal = {Energy Conversion and Management},
volume = {91},
pages = {451--458},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {Pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed gasification tests of alfalfa pellets were performed at two different operational periods ranged on the basis of the two given equivalence ratio (ER) (the ratio between actual air and the stoichiometric air) namely as 0.25 and 0.30. During the test, the solid feeding rate was kept constant at 4.7 kg/h while the air input was varied and thus the ER. Increasing air from 4.16 to 4.99 N m3/h contributed to the evolution pattern of several parameters such as the rise in gas lower heating value (LHV) and gas yield, the average maximum of which were 4.2 MJ/N m3 and 1.5 N m3/kg respectively. Gas composition was mainly boosted by the concentration of CO, as the rest of the combustible components stayed rather unaffected due to the modified air flow rate. The steady state bed temperature agreed with the trend of air flow and ranged between 720 and 780 °C despite gasification start-up occurred at 800 °C. Total char (∼282 g/kg) and tar yield (∼1.1 g/N m3) showed reasonable values while tar composition was predominantly led by the amount of phenols.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed gasification tests of alfalfa pellets were performed at two different operational periods ranged on the basis of the two given equivalence ratio (ER) (the ratio between actual air and the stoichiometric air) namely as 0.25 and 0.30. During the test, the solid feeding rate was kept constant at 4.7 kg/h while the air input was varied and thus the ER. Increasing air from 4.16 to 4.99 N m3/h contributed to the evolution pattern of several parameters such as the rise in gas lower heating value (LHV) and gas yield, the average maximum of which were 4.2 MJ/N m3 and 1.5 N m3/kg respectively. Gas composition was mainly boosted by the concentration of CO, as the rest of the combustible components stayed rather unaffected due to the modified air flow rate. The steady state bed temperature agreed with the trend of air flow and ranged between 720 and 780 °C despite gasification start-up occurred at 800 °C. Total char (∼282 g/kg) and tar yield (∼1.1 g/N m3) showed reasonable values while tar composition was predominantly led by the amount of phenols.