Teléfono:
Email: c.gracia@unizar.es
Address: Office 31.080, R&D Building, c/Mariano Esquillor SN 50018 Zaragoza (Spain)
ABOUT ME h5>
Research Interests
Performing my PhD Research on carbon-negative pyrolysis system with autothermal operation to obtain biochar, bio-oil and a pure stream of CO2. This research is within the Ab-FINE Project.
Also, I’m currently working in the development of a gasification pilot plant for obtaining biogas from textile and organic wastes. This research is within the NICER Biofuels Project.
PUBLICATIONS h5>
2005
Berrueco, César; Esperanza, Ernesto; Mastral, José Francisco; Ceamanos, Jesús; García-Bacaicoa, Pedro
Pyrolysis of waste tyres in an atmospheric static-bed batch reactor: Analysis of the gases obtained Proceedings Article
En: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, pp. 245–253, Elsevier, 2005, ISSN: 01652370.
@inproceedings{Berrueco2005,
title = {Pyrolysis of waste tyres in an atmospheric static-bed batch reactor: Analysis of the gases obtained},
author = {César Berrueco and Ernesto Esperanza and José Francisco Mastral and Jesús Ceamanos and Pedro García-Bacaicoa},
doi = {10.1016/j.jaap.2004.10.007},
issn = {01652370},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-08-01},
booktitle = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis},
volume = {74},
number = {1-2},
pages = {245--253},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Scrap tyre pyrolysis was studied under nitrogen atmospheric pressure in order to analyse temperature influence on the global yields and the gas composition. A static-bed batch reactor was used to pyrolyse 300 g of shredded scrap tyres at temperatures from 400 to 700 °C. The reactor was externally heated by means of electrical resistances, the heating rate being approximately 12 K min-1. Once the required system temperature was reached and stabilised, it was maintained for 4 h. The residence time of the gas in the reactor was calculated, with values falling between 1 and 1.5 min. Three phases were obtained after pyrolysis: solid (char), liquid (water and oils) and gas (light hydrocarbons, H2, CO and CO2). The product distribution and composition were studied as a function of the thermal treatment. Global yields were determined as follows: char, 47-63 wt.%, oils, 30-43 wt.%, and gas, 2.4-4.4 wt.%. It was observed that the liquid yield increases with temperature from 400 to 500 °C. However, from 500 °C on, this parameter remained almost constant. The solid yield followed an inverse trend to that observed for the liquid yield. On the other hand, the gas yield showed a slight continuous growth with temperatures ranging from 400 °C (2.4 wt.%) to 700 °C (4.4 wt.%). The gas phase was analysed off-line by gas chromatography. The main gases produced from the pyrolysis process were H 2, CO, CO2 and hydrocarbons: CH4, C 2H4, C3H6 and C4H 8. It was observed that the fraction of light gases (H2, CO, CO2 and CH4) was greater at higher temperatures. textcopyright 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Scrap tyre pyrolysis was studied under nitrogen atmospheric pressure in order to analyse temperature influence on the global yields and the gas composition. A static-bed batch reactor was used to pyrolyse 300 g of shredded scrap tyres at temperatures from 400 to 700 °C. The reactor was externally heated by means of electrical resistances, the heating rate being approximately 12 K min-1. Once the required system temperature was reached and stabilised, it was maintained for 4 h. The residence time of the gas in the reactor was calculated, with values falling between 1 and 1.5 min. Three phases were obtained after pyrolysis: solid (char), liquid (water and oils) and gas (light hydrocarbons, H2, CO and CO2). The product distribution and composition were studied as a function of the thermal treatment. Global yields were determined as follows: char, 47-63 wt.%, oils, 30-43 wt.%, and gas, 2.4-4.4 wt.%. It was observed that the liquid yield increases with temperature from 400 to 500 °C. However, from 500 °C on, this parameter remained almost constant. The solid yield followed an inverse trend to that observed for the liquid yield. On the other hand, the gas yield showed a slight continuous growth with temperatures ranging from 400 °C (2.4 wt.%) to 700 °C (4.4 wt.%). The gas phase was analysed off-line by gas chromatography. The main gases produced from the pyrolysis process were H 2, CO, CO2 and hydrocarbons: CH4, C 2H4, C3H6 and C4H 8. It was observed that the fraction of light gases (H2, CO, CO2 and CH4) was greater at higher temperatures. textcopyright 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
2004
Berrueco, César; Ceamanos, Jesús; Esperanza, Ernesto; Mastral, José Francisco
Experimental study of co-pyrolysis of polyethylene/sawdust mixtures Artículo de revista
En: Thermal Science, vol. 8, no 2, pp. 65–80, 2004, ISSN: 0354-9836.
@article{Berrueco2004,
title = {Experimental study of co-pyrolysis of polyethylene/sawdust mixtures},
author = {César Berrueco and Jesús Ceamanos and Ernesto Esperanza and José Francisco Mastral},
doi = {10.2298/tsci0402065b},
issn = {0354-9836},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Thermal Science},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
pages = {65--80},
publisher = {National Library of Serbia},
abstract = {A study of the behavior of the thermal decomposition of mixtures of biomass and thermoplastics, such as polyethylene, is of interest for processes for the thermal recovery of industrial and urban wastes such as pyrolysis or gasification. No solid residue is formed during the thermal degradation of pure polyethylene. However, the addition of biomass,which generates char, can vary the product distribution and increase the heating value of the gas obtained. A study of the thermal degradation of pine sawdust, polyethylene and mixtures of polyethylene and pine sawdust has been carried out in a fluidised bed reactor. Experiments were carried out at five different temperatures: 640, 685, 730, 780, and 850 textordmasculineC. The yields and composition of the derived oil, wax, and gas were determined. The addition of polyethylene increases the gas production and decreases theproduction of waxes and liquids for the different temperatures tested. The main gases produced from the co-pyrolysis process were, at low temperatures, carbon monoxide, ethylene, carbon dioxide, propylene, butadiene, methane and pentadiene, while at high temperatures the gas composition changed drastically, the main components being carbon monoxide (more than 33 wt.%), ethylene, methane, benzene and hydrogen. The analysis of the liquid fraction shows a decrease of the concentration of oxygenated and aliphatic compounds.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A study of the behavior of the thermal decomposition of mixtures of biomass and thermoplastics, such as polyethylene, is of interest for processes for the thermal recovery of industrial and urban wastes such as pyrolysis or gasification. No solid residue is formed during the thermal degradation of pure polyethylene. However, the addition of biomass,which generates char, can vary the product distribution and increase the heating value of the gas obtained. A study of the thermal degradation of pine sawdust, polyethylene and mixtures of polyethylene and pine sawdust has been carried out in a fluidised bed reactor. Experiments were carried out at five different temperatures: 640, 685, 730, 780, and 850 textordmasculineC. The yields and composition of the derived oil, wax, and gas were determined. The addition of polyethylene increases the gas production and decreases theproduction of waxes and liquids for the different temperatures tested. The main gases produced from the co-pyrolysis process were, at low temperatures, carbon monoxide, ethylene, carbon dioxide, propylene, butadiene, methane and pentadiene, while at high temperatures the gas composition changed drastically, the main components being carbon monoxide (more than 33 wt.%), ethylene, methane, benzene and hydrogen. The analysis of the liquid fraction shows a decrease of the concentration of oxygenated and aliphatic compounds.
2003
Mastral, José Francisco; Esperanza, Ernesto; Berrueco, César; Juste, Marta; Ceamanos, Jesús
Fluidized bed thermal degradation products of HDPE in an inert atmosphere and in air-nitrogen mixtures Artículo de revista
En: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, vol. 70, no 1, pp. 1–17, 2003, ISSN: 01652370.
@article{Mastral2003,
title = {Fluidized bed thermal degradation products of HDPE in an inert atmosphere and in air-nitrogen mixtures},
author = {José Francisco Mastral and Ernesto Esperanza and César Berrueco and Marta Juste and Jesús Ceamanos},
doi = {10.1016/S0165-2370(02)00068-2},
issn = {01652370},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-10-01},
journal = {Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis},
volume = {70},
number = {1},
pages = {1--17},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Different processes involving thermal decomposition such as incineration, pyrolysis, gasification or co-combustion are becoming important for energy generation using plastic wastes as combustible materials. The thermal degradation of the material, the product distribution and consequently the economics of the process are strongly influenced by the experimental conditions used. In this work, the thermal degradation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been carried out using a fluidized bed reactor under different temperature conditions. Two types of experiments have been performed, pyrolysis experiments, in which nitrogen has been used as inert gas, and gasification experiments, meaning that the thermal decomposition has been carried out in a nitrogen-air mixture with low oxygen concentration. The influence of the operating parameters on the product distribution and gas composition has been investigated using GC and MS/GC for the analysis of the gas, wax and oil fractions obtained. The results obtained show a widely differing product yield in both processes. The main objective of the paper is a comparison of pyrolysis and gasification in terms of the generation of products of high heating value, and the energy requirements for the thermal degradation and production of residues and polyaromatic compounds. An optimum interval of operation temperatures is suggested in order to obtain high yield to gases of high heating values and low yield to PAHs. textcopyright 2002 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Different processes involving thermal decomposition such as incineration, pyrolysis, gasification or co-combustion are becoming important for energy generation using plastic wastes as combustible materials. The thermal degradation of the material, the product distribution and consequently the economics of the process are strongly influenced by the experimental conditions used. In this work, the thermal degradation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been carried out using a fluidized bed reactor under different temperature conditions. Two types of experiments have been performed, pyrolysis experiments, in which nitrogen has been used as inert gas, and gasification experiments, meaning that the thermal decomposition has been carried out in a nitrogen-air mixture with low oxygen concentration. The influence of the operating parameters on the product distribution and gas composition has been investigated using GC and MS/GC for the analysis of the gas, wax and oil fractions obtained. The results obtained show a widely differing product yield in both processes. The main objective of the paper is a comparison of pyrolysis and gasification in terms of the generation of products of high heating value, and the energy requirements for the thermal degradation and production of residues and polyaromatic compounds. An optimum interval of operation temperatures is suggested in order to obtain high yield to gases of high heating values and low yield to PAHs. textcopyright 2002 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.